Market Force Description and Analysis of Impact on Product Services Essay Example for Free

Market Force Description and Analysis of Impact on Product Services Essay Communications-Security System Services-These devices and systems have a wide range, specifically, home and car. The demand is driven partly by home sales, new home construction and office construction. Most security systems like Brink Security have warning decals on the windows or in the yard to advertise. Commercial marketing usually consist of a direct sales force that call on owners and operators of commercial building companies that provide security monitoring services often have large account recieveable and credit problems with payments from subscribers, defective or poorly installed equipment or poor service, can have expensive consequences and Law suit risk in false alarms and frequent investment in new technology, The demand for residential and commercial construction and sales, need is in customer service and product, the companies increase their and systems and services by going to the senior citizens and dual income families. In their growth over the next 10 years included will be monitoring and security systems that include devices that measure environment factors, such as humility and quality of air and water. Healthcare-Nursing Home and Assisted Living-over 5 million elderly, mentally ill and, other physically and mentally challenged people need healthcare. The healthcare industry provide long-term care , includes onsite healthcare, counseling, medication dispensing, may become more prevalent. Demand for residential care facilities will grow as the baby boomers age, spurring investments in new construction, upgrades for existing facilities, additional beds, labor and services. The healthcare facilities industry faces a nurse shortage and is pressuring colleges to graduate nurses. To overcome threats, in the nursing facilities background checks, monitoring of the patients making sure they are changed, bath, and fed, also for the ones in assisted living, this is to insure that injuries to the elderly are not caused. The rise in Healthcare has risen by 80 percent. The risk with healthcare is that is not being made affordable and the premiums have sky rocketed, to were the elderly have a hard time getting the medicine and supplies. I do have love ones in the Nursing Home, and when I go and visit, I see the elderly just sitting there, not one of the staff takes time to ask them if they want to be moved, or just to check on them, some do not get bath until the end of the day, and there clothes are soiled, it is like they have been thrown away, The strategies I would use would to be train nurses aid how to care and properly change and check on the patient, there tone of voice used, close supervision of the elderly. General Business-Laundry Detergent-In the U. S. oap and detergent has over 650 companies worldwide. Detergent is packaged in cartons, bottles, pouches, or bags. The growth rate is low, because there are new and cheaper products available. One company is Proctor and Gamble, they are a household name they serve 180 countries, they strive and produce, superior quality and values, that improve the lives of the Consumer’s. Demand for soap and detergent result in wide swings in production, capacity planning is difficult. Challenges PG face is the manufacter must comply with different state and country environmental regulations. The soap and detergent industry will impact the nation because its represented in over 145 nations, the marketing of such companies as PG has been proven to be the best in strategy brands most important to retailers, strong business , and fundamentalist. In using, Gain and Tide, they over the consumer dye free and perfume free products, as well as the different soaps. The soap and detergent companies have Capitalized on opportunities by, having antibacterical hand soaps and bath soaps. Another stragedy that these companies have utilized is environmental friendly products, that are safe for our environment. Let’s take soap its used for animals and people and washing cars, and just about everything. Many big companies, do not see the threat of little companies with products such as Power Soaps and detergents this company is out of South India, they spend a lot of money on advertising. Marketing plays the pivotal role in making or breaking any product or service. In my closing, I will sum up all three subjects starting with the Security.

Death and a King’s Horseman and All My Sons Essay Example for Free

Death and a King’s Horseman and All My Sons Essay Compare the ways in which Soyinka in Death and a King’s Horseman and Miller in All My Sons present Elesin and Keller? How far would you agree that the personal tragedy of each protagonist’s death is less important than the death of their sons? Soyinka and Miller shape the protagonists by their presentations of their voice using different language and use of setting cultural context which presents their different responsibilities and duties exposing their character. The different presentations of the characters determine how the audience connect with the protagonists. Elesin and Keller’s deaths are climatic points in the play, with their son’s deaths also being pivotal; acting as catalysts for the protagonist’s death which cause the protagonist’s to acknowledge their fatal flaws. The different purposes of the protagonist’s suicides, made evident also by the protagonist’s presented characters, determine whether the tragedy of their death is more important than the death of their sons. The setting and cultural context of each of the plays a profound role in shaping the characters as the differing cultural context affects the character’s duties and responsibilities which shape their presentations as characters. Though set in the same time periods, the cultures differ between plays. Soyinka’s Death and the King’s Horseman opens in â€Å"Oyo, an ancient Yoruba city in Nigeria, 1944†, during British colonialism whereas All My Sons by Miller is set in the â€Å"outskirts of an American town† just after the war in the late 1940’s after world war two. Soyinka and Miller’s introductions of the culture and the setting at the beginning of the plays expose the protagonist’s individual characters. The â€Å"secluded atmosphere† on the â€Å"outskirts of an American town† in which All My Sons opens acts as a dramatic device to show Keller’s devotion to his family by presenting him as sectioned off from wider society. Additionally, the â€Å"closely planted poplars† which seclude the area act as a dramatic device to represent Keller’s somewhat narrow minded principles and set values. Soyinka’s portrayal of the culture and setting also presents Elesin’s character and nature. Soyinka invites the audience to the rich Yoruban culture through Elesin’s voice; â€Å"a man of enormous vitality† who exposes the beauty of the setting to the audience, thus revealing his lust for earthly pleasures. â€Å"The smell of indigo on their cloth, this is the air I wish to breath† portrays Elesin’s yearn for life. The use of evocative description of the setting and culture creates a picture of Elesin’s vibrant character. The author’s use of language, which creates the character’s voice, presents the protagonists differently and shapes the audience’s reactions and feelings towards them in each play. Miller’s use of disjointed language such as â€Å"what’s goin†, to create Keller’s voice, presents him as an un-educated simple man. Though his incoherent language means the audience isn†™t enticed or fascinated by him, it presents him as an ordinary character, allowing the audience to connect with him on a personal level. The fact the audience is able to connect with Keller personally, because of his down to earth nature, means the audience are less sympathetic of his fatal flaw as Miller’s presentation of him causes the audience to be un-expectant of his down fall. â€Å"Back in my day you were either a doctor or a lawyer† exposes Keller’s myopic perspective of the world and strong attachment to his set values. Conversely, Soyinka’s use of complex language to create Elesin’s voice fascinates and captivates the audience, giving him high status as a character. Soyinka presents Elesin as an exuberant character fascinated by earthly pleasures. â€Å"I become a monarch whose palace is built with tenderness and beauty†. The flowing rhythm of his voice and the use of positive adjectives expose his passion for life; his fatal flaw as a character. Elesin speaks poetically in riddles such as â€Å"when the horse sniffs the stable does he not strain at the bridle?† presenting him as articulate and expressive. He also uses metaphors to express his ideas such as â€Å"you’re like a jealous wife† when talking to the Praise-Singer. This use of riddles and metaphors makes him sometimes difficult to unders tand presenting the idea he hides his fatal flaw by using his language to distract the praise singer from acknowledging his love for life which distracts him from his cultural duty. For example when the praise singer accuses Elesin of forgetting â€Å"a long faithful mother of his children† referring to his responsibilities to his culture, Elesin replies poetically saying â€Å"when the horse sniffs at the stable does he not strain at the bridle?†. However, his superior position makes it difficult for the audience to connect with him on a personal level. This foreshadows his downfall as a character as he later abandons his responsibilities to his culture by not committing to his duty of suicide. Because his fatal flaws are foreshadowed, when his downfall is eventually exposed it is expected by the audience thus they feel sympathy for him and his death is seen as an act of redemption. Both All My Sons and Death and a King’s horseman are structured with the climatic parts of the play at the end and use foreshadowing techniques throughout the plays to build up the tension and climax. In Death of a King’s Horseman Soyinka portrays Elesin’s fatal flaw; his desire for earthly pleasures which distracts him from the responsibility of death; to foreshadow his downfall as a character. Soyinka’s use of language exposes Soyinka’s desire for mortal pleasures. â€Å"This market is my roost† foreshadows his inability to sacrifice his be devotion for life for the benefit for the people in his culture. Similarly, Miller uses foreshadowing techniques to prognosticate the revelation of Keller’s mistakes. The broken tree which is a memorial for Larry acts as a dramatic device which foreshadows the end of Keller’s family’s ignorance to his mistake. The mother also foreshadows this by The different purposes within the narrative of the protagonist’s death affect their differing importance’s compared to the death of their son’s which acts as a catalyst The point at which the fathers acknowledge their sons death is the pivotal point at which the protagonist’s accept their fatal flaws. In Death and a King’s Horseman, because the death of Elesin is presented as an act of redemption, in my opinion the tragedy of his death is more important than the death of his son When Keller’s mistake of killing Larry is discovered he responds defensively to protect himself. â€Å"The minute there’s trouble you [mother] run out of strength† suggests Keller attempts to direct the blame on to somebody else and deny his mistakes. The fact his death takes place as a result of his family shunning him suggests his intentions for his suicide are selfish, to protect himself from unhappiness as his family is the only thing he values in life. This causes the audience to view his death as a cowardly act rather than an act of redemption from his mistakes. In my opinion this makes his suicide less important than the death of his son within the play which is the pivotal point of exposing Keller’s faults as a character. On the contrary, Elesin’s intentional death is presented as an act of redemption. It is clear Elesin kills himself for the benefit of his culture as â€Å"he has a duty to perform†. The presentation of his cultural duties at the beginning of the play The moment at which he kills himself is more important than the death of his son as it is the pivotal point in the novel where his mistakes and flaws are redeemed by showing his loyalty to his culture. Therefore, although Keller’s suicide seems less important than the death of his son as his suicide is merely a selfish act to protect him, Elesin’s intentional death is an act of redemption, making it equally important as the death of his son.

Jaguar Land Rover (JLR) Marketing Report

Jaguar Land Rover (JLR) Marketing Report 1. Jaguar Land Rover company profile Jaguar Land Rover Cars (JLR), founded in 1922, is one of the worlds premier manufacturers of luxury saloons and sports cars. It is a business built around two great British car brands with exceptional design and engineering capabilities. Their manufacturing facilities are in the UK and currently employ over 16,000 people, predominantly in the UK (Tata Company Profile, 2009). In June 2008 Indias Tata Motors bought JLR from Ford Motors for  £1.15bn (BBC, 2008). The JLR business acts as a major wealth generator for the UK, with 78 per cent of Land Rovers exported to 169 countries and 70 per cent of Jaguars exported to 63 countries. Sales to customers are conducted principally through franchised dealers and importers (Tata company profile, 2009). However, since the acquisition Land Rover sales have fallen nearly 23 per cent in 2009, down to 144,133. Jaguar was also down by nearly 20 per cent to around 52,500 (Birmingham Post, 2010). 2. Recent developments: Jaguar Land Rover has reported a net profit of 55 million the financial year 2009. This has been possible because of the new models launched by the company in the year 2009. This includes the All New Jaguar XJ, which has reported impressive sales figures for the company. JLR has also secured various financial loans to continue its search for new models and new technologies. This includes the GBP 340 million loan from the European investment bank and also the GBP 175 million loan from the state bank of India (FT.com). They plan to employ the money in the production of Land Rover LRX concept, which is the smallest Land Rover to be launched. JLR is increasing its dependence on the emerging markets as it plans to increase its sourcing from the Indian market and also plans to moves it production to China (Coventry Telegraph.net). 3. Analysis: Competitor analysis Land Rover: Dimensions Land Rover Hummer Daimler Benz Toyota PRODUCT LINE ADVANTAGE Land Rover Presence can be seen in SUV as well as in sport cars. Hummer Has presence only in the SUV segment. Damiler benz A traditional player in all segments of car, suv and sports car manufacturing. Toyota Presence in almost all the segments of cars and trucks. SERVICE ADVANTAGE Land Rover Has presence of service networks all over the globe according to its product line. Hummer Limited presence in the world. Daimler  Benz A dealer network all over the globe Toyota An extensive dealer service available with the large product line offering. Low Cost Luxury cars (volume determinant) Land Rover No presence in this segment and low presence in the emerging markets. Hummer Reasonable price, no presence in the emerging markets. Daimler benz A strong presence in the low cost luxury market in all the emerging countries. Toyota A strong presence in the luxury market in all emerging markets. Retail Advantage Land Rover Has a dealer in all parts of the world. Hummer Low presence in emerging markets and in Africa. Daimler Benz Has the biggest network of dealers in comparison to the competitors. Toyota Has a dealer authorisation in all parts of the world. Technological Advantage Land Rover Has an growth in RD spending of about 11.6%in 2009. Hummer Development of new cars H4 and H3T. Daimler benz Plans to increase its RD spend to 12.6 billion euros over the next three years. Toyota Ranked number one company in RD spending for all the industries. Supply Chain Land Rover Has 1 primary manufacturing plant at Solihull, near Birmingham. Hummer Has 6 plants worldwide including assembly plants. With no presence in the emerging markets. Daimler benz Has plants spread out in all parts of the world including factories in emerging countries. Toyota Toyota conducts its business worldwide with 64 overseas manufacturing companies in 28 countries and regions. Recent Performance Land Rover They turned into profit in December quarter with net profit of 4.17 billion rupees Hummer Sales in the first three months of 2010 fell down by 72% to 855 vehicles. Daimler benz Mercedes has a 25.3% increase. Toyota A drop of 1.12 million units compared to the previous year. Local Collaborations Land Rover Has an advantage in the Indian market with the parent company TATA Motors in the country. Hummer None. Daimler Benz None. Toyota Has presence in all developed and emerging markets. Has factories in almost all parts of the world. Competitor analysis Jaguar: Dimensions Jaguar Porsche Daimler Benz BMW Product line advantage Jaguar Has a range of luxury and sport cars. Jaguar cars have lack of volume as there is a lower geographical spread for its models. Porsche Has presence in the sports car segment as well as the high end SUV segment. Daimler Benz A traditional player in all segments of car, suv and sports car manufacturing. BMW A presence in every segment from low cost luxury market to high class luxury cars and suvs. Service advantage Jaguar Lacks service advantage due to limited presence all over the globe. Porsche In accordance with the limited product line it has a small service network. Daimler Benz   A dealer network all over the globe. BMW A widespread dealer service network. Low cost luxury cars (volume determinant) Jaguar No presence in this segment as well as low presence in the emerging markets. Porsche No presence in this segment. But is building its presence in the high-end market of emerging countries. Daimler Benz   A strong presence in the low cost luxury market in all the emerging countries. BMW Maximum market share in this segment in emerging market behind Mercedes Benz. Retail advantage Jaguar Has a limited dealer network with even a few being company owned. Porsche Has just 2 dealers in India as an example. Daimler Benz Has the biggest network of dealers in comparison to the competitors. BMW Has authorized dealers all round the globe. Technological advantage Jaguar Has the highest RD spending for its segment of automobile companies. Porsche None Daimler Benz   Plans to double its RD spending this year to 1.4 billion dollars. BMW Has technology development and RD centre in emerging markets of China and India. Supply chain Jaguar Has only 3 factories in the UK. So a limited advantage of local production in the developed and emerging markets. Porsche Has only one production centre in Germany. Daimler Benz   None. BMW Has 24 factories in 13 countries including assembly factories in emerging countries. Recent performance Jaguar has witnessed a !3.6% drop in sales in 2010. Porsche has a 6 % increase in 2010. Daimler Benz  has a 25.3% increase. BMW also has 8.4% increase. Local collaborations Jaguar Has advantage in the market of India with the major presence of its parent company TATA motors in the country. Porsche None Daimler Benz None BMW Has significant presence in all emerging and developed markets. Has factories in emerging markets. JLR PESTEL analysis (2010): A more recent PESTEL and SWOT Analysis of JLR (2018) is available here > Political factors: After securing a loan from the European investment bank TATA has now taken a U-turn over its demand for loan from the UK government (Guardian.co.uk). Social factors: Employing large number of workforce: Jaguar Land Rover employs 15,000 people, surrounded within the UK including approximately 3,500 engineers at 2 product development centers in Coventry and Gaydon. To improve the production facilities: Manufacturing competence has improved at Jaguar Land Rovers Halewood plant with a pilot training programme that concentrated on developing employee skills and problem solving. A programme was developed in partnership with the National Skills Academy for Manufacturing (the Skills Academy) and training provider BUCAM, to combine traditional problem-solving with basic skills.( Clair Churchard) Technological factors: Jaguar Land Rover is known for its technologically superior cars. They also invented and commercialized the concept of aluminium body in their cars. Economic factors: Environmental Factors: JLR is recently searching on Wallenius Wilhelmsens Orcelle project for a lightweight environmentally sound ship that can carry 10,000 cars by using solar, wave and wind power which does not discharge any emissions into the environment or the ocean. Numbers of environmental initiatives are taken to improve the efficiency and reduce the CO2 emissions of Jaguar products. They use lightweight and recyclable material extensively and also highly efficient diesel engines. Jaguar Land rover has achieved full environment product certification for its model XJ in 2009.(Jaguar Website) Legal factors: Jaguar Land Rover is spending  £800m over five years to develop technologies designed particularly at dropping tailpipe CO2 emissions designed to meet the 25% improvement target set by the European Union which is well ahead of the industry average.(   Sam Abuelsamid  ) Land Rovers LRX Concept is a thinly veiled preview of the new small crossover the company is planning for launch around 2010. The unibody plan was created to prepare buyers for Land Rovers plans to introduce a bevy of smaller vehicles off a common platform in order to improve the brands fuel economy and CO^ output ahead of new EU legislation. Bowmans strategic clock: Jaguar: Jaguar is a strong innovation based organization, which is evident from the innovations it had come up with recently. This includes the usage of only 2 product lines instead of 6 it used previously. The analysis of its product lines shows that it desperately needs differentiation, which can be achieved through technological innovation and also through product line innovation. JLR has huge spending on RD but still has low RD spending in compared to other competitors like BMW, so innovation and differentiation in its product line is limited along with lack of cost savings is its production activities. Jaguar has low presence in the emerging markets compared to its competitors, which is an opportunity to launch attractively priced product. Land Rover: The brand Land Rover has a wider presence in the developing markets compared to Jaguar. Land Rover already has products the Freelander and Discovery targeted towards the medium end consumers. Land Rover to meet the EU legislation norms as well as the need of emerging markets has plans to come up with a range of smaller SUVs in 2011. PORTERS FIVE FORCES: Barriers to entry: Economies of scale: As our new launch of Jaguar XH requires high capital investment for the manufacturing of our new car which is environmental friendly and targeting a specific segment of the market .So the risk of new entrant is high as other big players might try to imitate the same concept. Knowledge and Technology: The ideas and knowledge that provides competitive advantage over others is its unique hydrogen-based technology which creates barrier to entry. Product Differentiation: As the new product has to be different and accepted by the customers. So, we are providing our customers with the expected attributes of premium luxury cars. Access to distribution channels: A well developed distribution is must for its success when a new product is launched in the market. So we will take advantage of well established TATA Motors channels across the world. Buyers: Swithching cost: As it is first of its kind, so they have no options to switch over. Number of customers: The bargaining power of buyer is low as there we have mentioned in our switching cost that there are barriers to new entrants.There is no forward integration of buyers. Brand Image: the Jaguar Land Rover already has an established Brand Image as a manufacturer of premium luxury cars. Suppliers: Bargaining power of suppliers: Bargaining Powers of suppliers is less Threat of Substitutes PRICE BRAND:the threat that constumer will switch to a substitute product is ver low. BUYERS WILLINGNESS: The willingness of the customers to buy this product will be because of the higher efficiencyand good quality of an eco-friendly premium luxury car. Competitive rivalry: Number and diversity of competitors: This means the amount of competition in the car industry which appears to be in the luxury cars such as BMW AND Mercedes in Europe, Lincoln and Cadillac in U.S. Exit Barriers: If the new product fails in the market then it is not easy for the company to exit because of the involvement of huge capital investments. Product quality:To maintain its new generation premium luxury car the company has to make manufacturing improvements continuously to furher keep uplift its quality. Jaguar land Rover Financial Performance: JLR has shown a substantial increase in the last couple of quarters. Due to the seasonality change in the JLRs business cycle, management has gained confidence in continuing its positive financial performance going ahead. JLR turned a Net Profit of about  £55mn in the last quarter of 2009. Jaguar Land Rovers combined sales volume have increased to about 28% QoQ to 56700 units which was about 44300 units for the 2nd quarter of 2010. The revenue of TATA motors grew by 47 percent to 26,774 crore. The stock market has given a thumbs up to TATA Motors as the stock moved up by 6.33 percent in Feb,2010. The retained earnings for JLR for the third quarter for 2010 has been  £55mm. TATA Motors Limiteds Net Debt stands at about Rs22,745 cr. Of this the aggregate long term debt is around Rs 16,302cr of which 50% has to be repaid over the next few years. The Net Debt to Equity ratio is 4.1, which is believed to be very high.(Angel Broking) Business Strategy: From the competitor analysis it is very much evident that the Land Rover brand for JLR is doing much better than the brand Jaguar. The sales After the takeover the head office decisions for JLR is now made in India. India also is a country, which provides cheap labor, lower cost of production and cheap logistics in comparison to markets like UK and USA. The Indian government also has is making constant efforts to encourage FDI in production. May other automobile giants like BMW and Volkswagen and Renault have also made major investments in the manufacturing sector in the previous couple of years. Chennai is now becoming the hub for automobile manufacturing in India. Jaguar has 3 factories in the UK, which have been reporting heavy looses in the past couple of years. So considering the above mentioned conditions, our business strategy is as follows: To establish an assembly plant in India taking advantage of TATA established manufacturing plant across India. To fund this assembly plant through the Loan secured from the State Bank of India. To supply cars to the Indian market, Sub continent market and the South-east Asian market through this plant. There will be drastic fall in the prices of all models with this The materials needed for our innovative product The Jaguar XH will be available cheaper in an emerging market like India. This includes the waste of wheat crop needed for the plastic and interiors of the car. We also propose Jaguar Land Rover to establish their next RD centre in Mumbai, India along with the RD centre of TATA motors. This RD centre will be the main hub for innovating the proposed Jaguar XH. The upward trend in the financial analysis stets that the financial condition of JLR is improving. And there are increasing cash reserves for investment. The loans received by JLR amount to GBP 515 million which will provide us the resources required for implementing our innovation strategy. According to our analysis above we recommend a business strategy that states that Jaguar Land Rover needs to catch up with its competitors and take advantage of its parent company presence in India. We have also laid a base for launching our innovation strategy by establishing RD and marketing hub in India. The budget allotment for these investments will be made in latter sections. Innovation Strategy: New product development: Product innovation: According to the analysis conducted above Jaguar has the back up of financial and technology resources to innovate and make its way back into the premium selling business. Our idea of innovation is to come up with a commercially applicable technology in the highly competitive world automobile industry. Hydrogen cars are making headway in the RD centre of many automobile giants. Our innovation is to come up with a high-end environmental friendly car, which can be commercially viable technology for high-end buyers to spend. The idea generated by our group is to come up with a product, which not only has a hydrogen engine but all the other components used in the car are environment friendly. This includes the seats, tyres, aluminum body, reduction in pollutants etc. Unlike other manufacturers we recommend to launch a high end product. The reason for this is to target our new technology to customers that are willing to pay the price for a better, faster and an environmental friendly car. Product description: We have named our product as the Jaguar XH (H for hyrogen). The hydrogen technology is chosen for 3 reasons first being the fact the new innovative technology of hydrogen cars, which is gaining momentum in the automobile industry. Secondly, This technology can give Jaguar and TATA the competitive advantage they need to gain back their lost brand awareness. And lastly, the awareness of the overall environmental impact in the automobile industry has been growing as European and U.S. regulations, e.g. for vehicle emission, have become more stringent. Aluminum body: A cars body makes up around 25% of its total weight, so Jaguar uses aluminum wherever possible to make weight savings. And because the body is lighter, the braking and suspension components do not need to be as big, equaling more weight saving. The aluminum body developed by Jaguar helps in its cars to become lighter and faster. Aluminum technology also makes the cars safer meeting increasingly safety requirements. All the body parts including the nuts and bolts are made of aluminum reducing the car weight considerably. (Power aluminium) Environment Friendly Paint: Painting vehicles has in the past been one of the auto industrys biggest environmental challenges stated by Mary Ellen Rosenberger. We are planning to develop paint; which is environment friendly. The technology will combine an advanced chemical formulation, which will be made of high-solids, solvent- borne paint. The high solids, solvent borne paint helps to produce fewer volatile organic compounds (VOC) and CO2 emissions than the water borne and current solvent-borne paints. The innovative three wet coating which, are to be applied on the vehicle, are on top of the other, without any drying time during the coats. Doing this will reduce the process in painting, which will lead to a smaller and more efficient paint shop. There are high hopes for this technology and it is estimated that doing this will help save about $7 per vehicle by cutting the time it takes to paint and will even cut back the CO2 and VOC emissions by 10 percent. Even environmentally it will cut down the greenhouse gasses by 15 percent (Auto week). Bio Fabric seats: Bio fabric helps in reducing co2 emissions because it is made from plants. It concerns about durability, it is not only smooth and soft to touch but also has long life. It is ideal for seats covers, door trims, floor mats and some more. It is produced in the same way as polyester materials, which is petroleum, based, so basically there is no need for the special technology. Main difference is that they take 10 to 15% less energy to make and save up to 30% in co2 emissions and co2 is emitted when the car is disposed. (Honda) The futuristic plastic interiors: We plan to implement environmental-friendly wheat straw-reinforced plastic in our vehicle. Its just the third-row interior storage bins made from the natural fiber-based plastic that contains 20 percent wheat straw bio-filler, this application alone reduces petroleum usage by some 20,000lbs per year, cuts CO2 emissions by 30,000lbs per year, and represents a smart, sustainable usage for wheat straw, the waste byproduct of wheat. Wheat straw-reinforced resin has many advantages over non-reinforced plastic, which is currently used by most of the auto companies. It has better dimensional integrity than a non-reinforced plastic and weighs up to 10 percent less than a plastic reinforced with talc or glass. We will consider center console bins and trays; interior air register and door trim panel components, and armrest liners to be made from the wheat straw-based plastic. We recommend the usage of such materials for the Jaguar XH. (Gizmag.com) Eco friendly tyres: Bridgestone ECOPIA EP150 eco-friendly tyres will be used in the car Jaguar XH These low rolling resistance tyre combines high-level wet safety with lower fuel consumption and CO2 emissions. These tyres meet the challenging objective of combining top-class wet safety with reduced rolling resistance, leading to higher fuel efficiency and lower CO2 emissions. These Bridgestone tyres are made of materials technology called NanoPro-TechTM combined with a new tread design. NanoPro-TechTM produces a lower rolling resistance by reducing energy loss in the top compound during rotation. The new tread design features thin rib and a connected block by which contact pressure and wet braking performance is enhanced. ECOPIA is Bridgestones flagship brand that helps to increase vehicle energy efficiency and thus contributes to the prevention of global warming. This is achieved by tumbling rolling resistance and/or saving resources whilst maintaining various performances needed of tyres, especially advanced safety performance. (News Market) Coolants: Hydro chlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) are compounds made up of hydrogen, chlorine, fluorine, and carbon atoms. HCFCs are a substitute to CFCs that are used as a coolant in refrigerators, aerosols, cars, etc. Earlier CFCs were used as a coolant and because it had classes of compounds that used to deplete the ozone layer, HCFCs are now used as a substitute and are not as harmful as compared to CFCs.(Science J rank) Hydrogen technology: The Jaguar XH is a car which is good for the environment. For the very first time, this car will be sold to the direct customer on a full scale basis and will be the most environment friendly car in the world. Based on the same design that is currently being used by Honda FCX Clarity, the Jaguar XH will use a hydrogen tank that will pass hydrogen through a battery and produce energy which will in turn run the motor of the car. This car uses no gas of any kind and hence does not leave any harmful pollutants. Hydrogen is stored in a tank and is then passed through a fuel cell which combines hydrogen and oxygen to produce electricity. The vehicle is then propelled by an electric motor which leaves behind only clean water vapour behind hence making it a zero omission vehicle. Source: Honda Clarity However, as compared to petrol, hydrogen does not affect the environment in any way possible and the only emission that is released is water vapour. So even though hydrogen may be very environment friendly, it simply fails to produce as much as energy as petrol can give. In other words, the car will not run as fast as it does when petrol is being used. There are a couple of innovative strategies that can be used in order overcome this barrier of speed and efficiency. We propose to design and make the car more aerodynamic and sleek and made of aluminium. Aluminium is used as it is lighter than steel and is strong as well. Although the estimate cost to setup one large hydrogen fuel station would cost about $1.16 million approximately (Energy independence), we do not plan to set these up during the initial years till we see a marginal increase in our sales for jaguar XH or other companies may want to join partnership and build the hydrogen fuel stations in different parts of every city. Our proposed business strategy would be to set up a huge hydrogen fuel stations in different parts of the country based on a location strategy. For example: there would be 8-10 hydrogen fuel plants in different parts of UK. For example: London, Bristol, Manchester, Birmingham, Newcastle, Edinburgh, etc. The diagram shown below, demonstrates as to how hydrogen will be produced at each of our plants. Source: Argonne National Laboratory Our strategy is to deliver fuel to our customers rather than them coming to us and refueling. By strategically placing these 10 stations all over UK, we would be able to deliver fuel to our customers much more efficiently and effectively. Although this may sound a little strange, there is a logical reasoning behind this strategy. To set up each fuel pump (small) across the country would cost approximately $253,000 which is exorbitant. (Energy Independence) . So in order to save up a lot on cost, we plan to just set up 8 to 10 factories in strategic locations. Now our customers do not need to come to the factory to refuel but we would go to them instead. It may then seem as to how fuel can be delivered so often. But a litre of hydrogen can run the car for approximately 390 kilometers. Hence it will be more cost effective for us to deliver the fuel directly as per their convenience. We would have mini fuel trucks like the size of the regular ambulances that will be particularly be impo rted from India (as the cost is low) and will run on LPG and the emission from these vehicles will be controlled as well by using the 3-way catalyst technology. (Nett). Each location will have an average of 5 to 10 fuelling trucks depending in the demand of the vehicle in those particular cities. Now, if the owner of the car sees that his car is running low on fuel, all he needs to do is to make a phone call. But then what if he already runs out? Every car is fitted with an emergency hydrogen tank which is attached to the main tank. This emergency tank will contain a litre of hydrogen enough to run the car for approximately 390 kilometers. Marketing and Commercialization plan: Product Planning :- Marketing of our new innovation Jaguar XH (hydrogen) Target market: This product will be targeted towards the upper class segment in the US and UK markets, the product will offer new hydrogen technology to its consumers. The major attraction for this segment of consumers will be the new hydrogen technology and the higher speed and efficiency offered by this technology. New Product development Policy: We recommend company will continue investing in Research and Development for updating and improving our new product according to latest developments and trends in consumers tastes. The special RD budget for this product will be calculated in the section ahead. First environmentally friendly car to be sold on retail basis in the UK and US market in the year 2013. Pricing- policies and procedures relating to: Price Level: Our product will be expensive and target the premium segment and its price will range between GBP 1.5 million to GBP 1.8 million. Margins to adopt: Considering the heavy investment in the project. We would start with a heavy margin and slowly tighten the margin on the basis of market competition. Price Policy: Our Company will follow One-Price policy in a country but price may vary between U.S and U.K depending upon Government taxes and Import Export tariffs Branding- policies and procedures relating to Brand Policy: The car will be available in the market under the brand name of Jaguar. Channels Of Distribution- policies and procedures relating to: The car will be available to end users through already established showrooms of Jaguar in U.S and U.K. also the existing channels of distribution will be proposed. Advertising- policies and procedures relating to: Product Image: Our product will be the first of its kind. It will be the worlds most environmental friendly car and this will be its unique selling point. It will be marketed as the worlds first fastest sedan because of the advantages of hydrogen technology. A heavy budgeted marketing plan will be needed, as this product will be the next biggest innovation to hit the industry after the TATA Nano. Corporate image: Jaguar is famous for years for manufacturing quality luxury and sports cars for upper and upper middle segment of the market. With the takeover by TATA, it will be benefited by the reputation that TATA enjoys of an innovative company. Mix of Advertising: Our car will be advertised through Ads on T.V, Internet. Big boards and banners will be displayed in the main and commercial areas in cities of U.S and U.K. Promotions- policies and procedures relating to: Tag line The Greenest Leaping Cat Will be marketed with an expensive marketing budget of GBP 100 million through all possible promotional sources. As the worlds most environmental friendly car ever. Display and launch- Our car will be first displayed and launched in Auto Expo in U.S and U.K in 2015 and all other major automobile expos held in all parts of the world. It will be available for test-drives at Jaguar showrooms in U.S and U.K. It will also be put on display for public at major airports in U.K and U.S. Servicing- As this is an all new product and technology, servicing could be a biggest challenge that JLR will face. All arrangements will be made for after-sale servicing of our new car at all the service centre for Jaguar in U.S and U.K. Also auto parts will be made available with the dealers for replacements in case of damage by accidents.( Harvard Business School) Budget estimation and RD: Spending heads Estimated Spending (Amt. In million pounds) 2010 (Projected) 2011 ((Projected) 2012 (Projected) Research Development 800 600 600 800 Car Development Outsourcing 160 Fuel

Mythological Realism in Fifth Business :: Fifth Business

Mythological Realism in Fifth Business Spellbinding like his creation Magnus Eisengrim, Robertson Davies is a wizard of the English language. Who says that Canadian literature is bland and unappealing? New York Times applauded Fifth Business – the first of the Deptford triptych – as "a marvelously enigmatic novel, elegantly written and driven by irresistible narrative force." How true this is. Dunstable Ramsay – later renamed Dunstan after St. Dunstan – may be a retired schoolteacher, but what an engaging narrator he is! Shaped by Davies’s colourful writing, Ramsay masterfully relays the story of his role as "fifth business," the unobtrusive yet vital character in life’s drama. Fifth Business, told in the form of a letter to the schoolmaster, begins with a snowball that young Percy Boyd Staunton throws at Ramsay. The stone-in-a-snowball misses Ramsay but hits Mary Dempster, causing the premature birth of Paul Dempster. Paul grows up to be Magnus Eisengrim, a mysterious and graceful magician. Tormented by his guilt of avoiding the snowball, Ramsay makes Mary his personal saint and is weighed down by his conscience until Mary’s eventual death in an asylum. On the eve of becoming the lieutenant governor of Ontario, "Boy" Staunton is found dead in the Toronto harbour with the fateful stone in his mouth. Though the adventures that Dunstan embarks on in Fifth Business are that of the spiritual nature, make no mistake: this is not a occult novel that attempts to lure one into a religion, but a magnificently told tale of maturation. It is a story of revenge, of redemption, of becoming. Told from the perspective of being nearly completed, the novel follows Ramsay in his search for balance in his life – and balance he does find when the grotesque yet intelligent Liesl seduces him. With depth and breadth of knowledge in Jungian concepts, Robertson Davies draws us fathoms beneath the surface of the human personality. The audience is not left grasping for breath, but is enraptured by the rich dualism in this fantastical world of Dunstan Ramsay. Good and evil; illusion and reality; history and myth – the shadows and lights of the world are exposed and explored. These juxtaposing elements are never revealed under a glaring light, however. Davies uses prose that is nothing short of elegant, and weaves a mythical tale that is imbued with much realism. Real-life incidents are transfused with many amazing "coincidences," paving the path to surrealism.

Taking a Deeper Look at The Piano Lesson by August Wilson Essay

Taking a Deeper Look at The Piano Lesson by August Wilson Winner of multiple awards such as the Tony Award, the New York Drama Critics Circle Award, and the Pulitzer Prize, August Wilson is known most for his forceful cultural plays. Born and raised in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, Wilson was born to a white father that later abandoned his family, and a black mother. Wilson dropped out of school in the ninth grade after being accused of plagiarism. Wilson after went to public libraries and read various books; this was an initiation for Wilson and his successful future. When Wilson first started writing he didn’t think he was able to write his own works because of such great writers before him. â€Å"Quote black literature criticism†. However Wilson has managed to accomplish great works such as his second Pulitzer Award winning play, The Piano Lesson. The play introduces an outstanding and dynamic cultural view of many black Americans in the twentieth century. It conveys a family feud that is set off by a piano, a miraculous piano. In The Piano Lesson, August Wilson introduces two siblings, Boy Willie Charles and Berniece Charles Crawley, set in 1937. Wilson first reveals that Boy Willie lives in Mississippi, and Berniece lives in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (set of the play). This identification of the two allows the audience and reader to know that there is and will be a difference between the two siblings. The play is about the two siblings and their conflict between the piano. During slavery time, Boy Willie and Bernieces’ grandfather’s (Willie Boy Charles) slave owner Sutter had exchanged their grandmother and uncle for the piano as a gift for his wife. After getting worn out of the piano, Sutter’s wife missed her slaves so much, Sutter had Willie Boy to hand-carve the faces of his wife and son’s faces on the legs of the piano. However, Willie Boy didn’t stop there; he carved all of their ancestors on to the piano. The conflict between Boy Willie and Berniece is set off when Berniece’s husband dies due to stealing the piano with Boy Willie. Because of this, Berniece blames her brother for the cause of her husband’s death. She moves to Pittsburgh after and leaves Boy Willie. When the land that their ancestors worked on is offered to Boy Willie, Boy Willie decides to sell the piano as a down payment. Boy Willie thinks that it’ll b e better to have the land and m... ...to sit in her home unused. She loses all ties with her heritage while in Pittsburgh and only praises the piano for it’s meaning from what she sees on the outside of the piano. The song symbolizes how worthy the piano is; it has to be played. The song is also what makes Sutter’s ghost disappear at the end of the play. It plays a very important role in the play in that it was taught to Berniece by her mother. Perhaps her mother appeared to Berniece spiritually at the end of the play to urge Berniece to play the song again to get rid of Sutter’s ghost. Having Sutter’s ghost appear to Berniece doesn’t only motivate her to play the song, but also sends Boy Willie back to Mississippi. After frightening both Berniece and Boy Willie, it is clear to the two that the piano is more significant than they both thought before. August Wilson does a very fine job by presenting three symbols: the piano, Sutter’s ghost, and the song. All three symbols play major roles and are the foundations of the play. The symbols here allows the reader and audience to tie the history of the Charles family and the feud between Boy Willie and Berniece together. It’s a relation between the past and the present. Taking a Deeper Look at The Piano Lesson by August Wilson Essay Taking a Deeper Look at The Piano Lesson by August Wilson Winner of multiple awards such as the Tony Award, the New York Drama Critics Circle Award, and the Pulitzer Prize, August Wilson is known most for his forceful cultural plays. Born and raised in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, Wilson was born to a white father that later abandoned his family, and a black mother. Wilson dropped out of school in the ninth grade after being accused of plagiarism. Wilson after went to public libraries and read various books; this was an initiation for Wilson and his successful future. When Wilson first started writing he didn’t think he was able to write his own works because of such great writers before him. â€Å"Quote black literature criticism†. However Wilson has managed to accomplish great works such as his second Pulitzer Award winning play, The Piano Lesson. The play introduces an outstanding and dynamic cultural view of many black Americans in the twentieth century. It conveys a family feud that is set off by a piano, a miraculous piano. In The Piano Lesson, August Wilson introduces two siblings, Boy Willie Charles and Berniece Charles Crawley, set in 1937. Wilson first reveals that Boy Willie lives in Mississippi, and Berniece lives in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (set of the play). This identification of the two allows the audience and reader to know that there is and will be a difference between the two siblings. The play is about the two siblings and their conflict between the piano. During slavery time, Boy Willie and Bernieces’ grandfather’s (Willie Boy Charles) slave owner Sutter had exchanged their grandmother and uncle for the piano as a gift for his wife. After getting worn out of the piano, Sutter’s wife missed her slaves so much, Sutter had Willie Boy to hand-carve the faces of his wife and son’s faces on the legs of the piano. However, Willie Boy didn’t stop there; he carved all of their ancestors on to the piano. The conflict between Boy Willie and Berniece is set off when Berniece’s husband dies due to stealing the piano with Boy Willie. Because of this, Berniece blames her brother for the cause of her husband’s death. She moves to Pittsburgh after and leaves Boy Willie. When the land that their ancestors worked on is offered to Boy Willie, Boy Willie decides to sell the piano as a down payment. Boy Willie thinks that it’ll b e better to have the land and m... ...to sit in her home unused. She loses all ties with her heritage while in Pittsburgh and only praises the piano for it’s meaning from what she sees on the outside of the piano. The song symbolizes how worthy the piano is; it has to be played. The song is also what makes Sutter’s ghost disappear at the end of the play. It plays a very important role in the play in that it was taught to Berniece by her mother. Perhaps her mother appeared to Berniece spiritually at the end of the play to urge Berniece to play the song again to get rid of Sutter’s ghost. Having Sutter’s ghost appear to Berniece doesn’t only motivate her to play the song, but also sends Boy Willie back to Mississippi. After frightening both Berniece and Boy Willie, it is clear to the two that the piano is more significant than they both thought before. August Wilson does a very fine job by presenting three symbols: the piano, Sutter’s ghost, and the song. All three symbols play major roles and are the foundations of the play. The symbols here allows the reader and audience to tie the history of the Charles family and the feud between Boy Willie and Berniece together. It’s a relation between the past and the present.

Cultural Anthro - Karl Marx Essay -- essays research papers

“Where some possess much, and the others nothing, there may arise an extreme- either out of the most rampant democracy, or out of an oligarchy.'; This was once said by Aristotle who was probably the first to recognize the importance of a middle class. A powerful debate whether the middle class is essentially defined by cultural or economic factors still remains an issue. A rich tradition is devoted to disentangling economic from cultural components of a class. According to Karl Marx, the middle class is an outgrowth of economic factors, primarily capitalism. Many people tend to disagree with Marx that capitalism is the only important factor in the outgrowth of the middle class. Judith R. Blau argues that her understanding of the middle class has much to do with inclusive cultural values. Blau demonstrates her opinion though her ethnography, Social Contract and Economic Markets. I believe that Karl Marx’s economic factors and Judith Blau’s cultural factors together d efine the middle class. Karl Marx believed class was a matter of economics, that is, how the individual fits into the pattern of modern capitalist society. Marx argued that the whole of capitalist society was constructed in order to support this idea including the society’s infrastructure. Marx believed that social classes arise when a group gains control of the means of production. This group also has the power to maintain or increase its wealth by taking advantage of the surplus value of labor. Many people question why a worker would labor under such conditions. The reason is quite simple according to Marx. The reason is political and social representation. Members of this class elect representatives who pass laws that serve their interests. Landlords and factory owners were able to use their control of resources to exploit the unlanded laborers in the newly emerging factories. Karl Marx looks at human societies as a whole, and asks how they reproduce themselves, and as a result, change. For Marx a fundamental question about any society is whether it can produce more than it needs to reproduce itself, that is, a surplus product. Karl Marx believed that the middle class is based upon economic factors and rooted in solely that perspective. Many people have examined his work closely arguing that economic factors could not possibly be the only definition o... ...tablish neighborhoods based more on life style by creating their own community. The middle class created it’s own social institutions, such as public University’s, newspapers, department stores, libraries and business clubs. This was a way that essentially defines a class. Using economic and institutional affiliations that of which requires cultural edgework defines the middle class system.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The controversial debate as to whether the middle class is defined by cultural or economic factors has been supported successfully by both sides. Karl Marx states his opinion clearly that economic factors are the basis of a class system. Marx explains that through a capitalist society where the means of production and social and political representation are the structure of the society. Judith Blau agrees with Marx that economic factors create a society however, cultural reasons define it. Blau explains how ‘having roots’ and cultural heritage shape’s a social class. I believe that the middle class was established by economic factors however, the diversity of people through their culture is what defines a society.

Learning to read Malcolm X Compare and Frederick Douglass and Contrast Essay

Frederick Douglass and Malcolm X both were African Americans who struggled to be successful. Frederick was born a slave for life 1817 he didn’t go to school but wanted to have knowledge. He had a lot of obstacles in his path but the fact he wanted to learn to read and write keep him going though he wanted to give up sometimes. Frederick Douglass also wanted abolish slavery.Malcolm X was born in May 19, 1925 into a family. During his early years his family moved a number of times because of racism. At age 6 his father was murder mysteriously, their home was burned and four of his uncles were murder by white people. His family struggled economically and they were living off public welfare.His mother became ill and he was sent to foster home. At age 13 Malcolm X was charge with delinquency and dropped out of school at age 15. As a teenager later he began wearing flashy clothing and jumped into criminal acts, like doing drugs, gambling and burglary. Age twenty he was sentence to 1 0 years in prison for burglary. In there he began to transform his life.Frederick was against slavery while Malcolm was against racism. They both had a dream to fight for injustice for their people against racism and slavery. Both Frederick and Malcolm taught themselves how to read and write. Frederick Douglass was a slave and it was illegal for slave to have knowledge.He didn’t wanted to be a slave he wanted to be something better, wanted to have knowledge as he saw it as power. He educated himself using various strategies, like learning from the boys on the street by trading bread for knowledge. He would even go to the lumber yard and copied the letter that the carpenter would write on the timber the name of the place it was intended to go.Then later he would meet the boys challenging them that he can write better and they would respond saying â€Å"I don’t believe you† this way Frederick got a good lesson. Malcolm X also taught himself to read and write start ing with whatever knowledge he knew before dropping out of school. After being sentence to prison he began coping words from the dictionary everything on the page down to punctuationand began reading books on history, Philosophy and religion.Reading and writing kept Frederick and Malcolm alive through their struggles in becoming something better. Frederick Douglass and Malcolm X both realize how knowledge was great as they interest in reading and writing grew. Frederic knowledge made him a wiser and smarter man than being a slave like he was, he saw better things ahead with knowledge.the both He wanted to be something better than a slave not just for himself but also for his fellow slaves too. However reading and writing open up a new world for Malcolm X, it was better and different than when he was out on the streets with flashy cloths and committing crimes.Many thoughts had started appearing in his head. The thoughts ofbeing someone better as well, like Frederick, and to fight for his fellow black people too. They both used their knowledge to help fight justice for they fellow people in the exact situation as them that is slave and racism. Frederick Douglass used his own knowledge to write his own pass and escaped and became a public speaker.A brave speaker who spoke out against those who tolerated slavery. and he was able to help abolish slavery. Many doubted that he had been a slave as he was such an impressive public speaker. On the other hand reading changed the course of Malcolm X life forever with a better understanding of many things around such as, racisms around him.He had â€Å"little bit more sensitivity to the deafness, dumbness and blindness that were afflicting the black race† which meant he was able to understood the things that the black race was going through. With his knowledge he became a speaker as well. He became the most visible national spokesman for the black mulisms.anf fought freedom for other from the Christian religion, rac ism and violence against African American. However, one difference with both writers was that Malcolm X had his own organization while Frederick didn’t.Reading and learning about these two authors has inspire me with respect to my own goals by exposing to me and making me understand more how powerful knowledge really is. That knowledge is the key to many things. The more knowledge we gain through reading and writing the more we are able to understand thing in a different and positive way.I honestly never used to like reading but when I was then introduce to a book named â€Å"the walk series† as I was finishing the first series I then realize why Malcolm and Frederic had passion for reading writing I gained form reading and my interest began to grow as well.I can see that both writers had determination regardless of the circumstance/  obstacles in order to achieve what they had wanted. Not only had they had determination but they both also had love and interest for r eading and writing. This reminds me of myself being determine to complete all my homework and assignments on time regardless the obstacles I faced like having long travel hours and chores I had to get done with limited time as my mom wasn’t around at that moment.